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Their Record
← Rudolph Eli Boschwitz

Rudolph Eli Boschwitz on Financial Regulation

RepublicanMN

Financial Regulation25 votes · 60/100 consistent
RegulateDeregulate

49 roll calls on this member’s record are tagged Financial Regulation. 25 of them counted toward the score above: 9 toward “Regulate” and 16 toward “Deregulate”.

The other 24 did not count: 24 were roll calls whose direction on this issue could not be read confidently — mostly procedural motions — and 0 were ones they did not cast a yea or nay on. They are listed below anyway, marked as not scored, because a filtered list of votes is not a voting record.

DateWhat was voted onVotedCounted as
1989-08-03A bill to reform, recapitalize, and consolidate the Federal deposit insurance system, to enhance the regulatory and enforcement powers of Federal financial institutions regulatory agencies, and for other purposes. — TO WAIVE POINTS OF ORDER OF PARTS OF THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET ACT WITH RESPECT TO CONSIDERATION OF THE CONFERENCE REPORT ON HR 1278, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS REFORM, RECOVERY, AND ENFORCEMENT ACT, TO REFORM, RECAPITALIZE AND CONSOLIDATE THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE SYSTEM. (MOTION FAILED, THREE-FIFTHS OF THE SENATORS DULY CHOSEN AND SWORN, NOT HAVING VOTED IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.)H.R. 1278 · 101st Congress · On the MotionNayDirection not readable
1989-04-19An original bill to reform, recapitalize, and consolidate the Federal deposit insurance system, to enhance the regulatory and enforcement powers of Federal financial institutions regulatory agencies, and for other purposes. — TO PASS S 774, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS REFORM, RECOVERY AND ENFORCEMENT ACT.S. 774 · 101st Congress · On Passage of the BillYeaRegulate
1989-04-19To require confirmation of the Chairman of the Office of Savings Associations. — TO TABLE THE GRAHAM (D, FL) AMENDMENT TO S 774, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS REFORM RECOVERY AND ENFORCEMENT ACT, TO REQUIRE THAT THE CHAIRPERSON OF THE OFFICE OF SAVINGS ASSOCIATION BE CONFIRMED.S. 774 · 101st Congress · On the Motion to TableYeaDeregulate
1989-04-18To provide discretionary authority for the treatment of certain deposits as deposits for insurance purposes. — TO AMEND S 774, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS REFORM, RECOVERY AND ENFORCEMENT ACT, TO ALLOW FOR THE DISCRETION OF TREATING DEPOSITS AS SUCH FOR INSURANCE PURPOSES.S. 774 · 101st Congress · On the Motion to TableNayDirection not readable
1989-04-18An original bill to reform, recapitalize, and consolidate the Federal deposit insurance system, to enhance the regulatory and enforcement powers of Federal financial institutions regulatory agencies, and for other purposes. — TO AMEND S 774, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS REFORM, RECOVERY AND ENFORCEMENT ACT, TO WAIVE SECTIONS III AND IV OF THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET ACT OF 1974 PURSUANT TO SECTION 904. (MOTION PASSED, THREE-FIFTHS OF THOSE SENATORS DULY CHOSEN AND SWORN, HAVING VOTED IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.)S. 774 · 101st Congress · On the MotionYeaDirection not readable
1989-04-18To make the financing provisions on budget, and for other purposes. — TO AMEND S 774, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS REFORM, RECOVERY AND ENFORCEMENT ACT, TO WAIVE TITLES III AND IV OF THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET ACT OF 1974. (MOTION REJECTED, THREE-FIFTHS OF THOSE SENATORS DULY CHOSEN AND SWORN NOT HAVING VOTED IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.)S. 774 · 101st Congress · On the MotionNayDirection not readable
1989-04-18To broaden the membership and qualifications of the members of the Oversight Board of the Resolution Trust Corporation. — TO TABLE THE KERRY (D, MA) MOTION TO S 774, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS REFORM, RECOVERY AND ENFORCEMENT ACT, TO EXPAND THE QUALIFICATIONS AND MEMBERSHIP OF THE RESOLUTION TRUST CORPORATION.S. 774 · 101st Congress · On the Motion to TableNayRegulate
1989-04-18That it is a sense of the Congress that the 800-bed local correctional treatment facility be completed at the earliest possible date to assist against crime generally and drug-related crime, specifically. — TO AMEND S 774, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS REFORM, RECOVERY, AND ENFORCEMENT ACT, TO EXPRESS THE SENSE OF THE SENATE THAT THE DRUG TREATMENT AND CORRECTIONAL FACILITY FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA BE FINISHED AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.S. 774 · 101st Congress · On the AmendmentYeaDirection not readable
1988-06-21TO TABLE DIVISION I-B OF THE ARMSTRONG, CO AMENDMENT TO S 1323, TENDER OFFER DISCLOSURE AND FAIRNESS ACT, TO PREVENT "POISON PILL" STRATEGIES OF DETERRING CORPORATE TAKEOVERS UNLESS APPROVED BY A STOCKHOLDER MAJORITY.S. 1323 · 100th CongressNayRegulate
1988-06-21TO AMEND S 1323, TENDER OFFER DISCLOSURE AND FAIRNESS ACT, TO PROHIBIT "GOLDEN PARACHUTE" SEVERANCE PAYMENTS TO CORPORATE EXECUTIVES UNLESS APPROVED BY A STOCKHOLDER MAJORITY.S. 1323 · 100th CongressYeaRegulate
1988-06-16TO BEGIN CONSIDERATION OF S 1323, TENDER OFFER DISCLOSURE AND FAIRNESS ACT, A BILL TO REQUIRE COMPANIES TO DISCLOSE MORE INFORMATION TO SHAREHOLDERS CONCERNING POSSIBLE TAKEOVERS, RESTRICT LARGE PRIVATE PURCHASES, AND INCREASE PENALTIES FOR TRADING VIOLATIONS.S. 1323 · 100th CongressNayDirection not readable
1988-06-15TO PASS HR 3251, BICENTENNIAL OF THE CONGRESS COMMEMORATIVE COIN ACT, A BILL TO AUTHORIZE THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT TO MINT COINS TO COMMEMORATE THE BICENTENNIAL OF THE U.S. CONGRESS, TO USE PROCEEDS FOR IMPROVEMENTS TO THE CAPITOL BUILDING, AND TO EXTEND A MORATORIUM ON CHANGES IN FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE.H.R. 3251 · 100th CongressYeaDirection not readable
1988-06-15TO TABLE THE GRAHAM, FL AMENDMENT TO THE PROXMIRE AMENDMENT TO HR 3251, BICENTENNIAL OF THE CONGRESS COMMEMORATIVE COIN ACT, TO PERMIT THE FEDERAL SAVINGS AND LOAN INSURANCE COMPANY FSLIC TO CHARGE INSTITUTIONS VARIABLE, RISK-BASED ASSESSMENTS ON DEPOSIT INSURANCE COVERAGE.H.R. 3251 · 100th CongressYeaDeregulate
1988-03-30TO PASS S 1886, FINANCIAL MODERNIZATION ACT, A BILL TO UPDATE GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF FINANCIAL SERVICES OFFERED BY BANKS THROUGH THE REPEAL OF PROVISIONS IN THE 1933 GLASSSTEAGALL ACT.S. 1886 · 100th CongressYeaDeregulate
1987-08-06TO CONFIRM THE NOMINATION OF DONALD S. RUDER, OF ILLINOIS, TO BE A MEMBER OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION.100th CongressYeaDirection not readable
1987-08-04TO ADOPT THE CONFERENCE REPORT ON HR 27, THE FSLIC RECAPITALIZATION, WHICH WOULD ALLOW THE FEDERAL SAVINGS AND LOAN INSURANCE CORPORATION TO BORROW $10.8 BILLION AND RESTRICT CERTAIN ACTIVITIES BY BANKS, AMONG OTHER PROVISIONS.H.R. 27 · 100th CongressYeaRegulate
1987-05-14TO AMEND HR 27, THE FSLIC RECAPITALIZATION, TO DELETE TITLES I AND II FROM THE BILL THUS ALLOWING FOR THE CREATION OF "NON-BANK" BANKS AND THE REMOVAL OF A PROPOSED MORATORIUM ON EXPANSION OF BANKING POWERS.H.R. 27 · 100th CongressYeaDeregulate
1987-05-14TO AMEND HR 27, THE FSLIC RECAPITALIZATION, TO PROVIDE THE STRUCTURE TO PREVENT THE GROWTH OF "NON-BANK" BANKS, TO INITIATE A MORATORIUM OF ONE YEAR ON EXPANSION OF BANKING POWERS AND TO SUBSTITUTE LANGUAGE IN CERTAIN HOUSE PROVISIONS OF THE BILL.H.R. 27 · 100th CongressYeaRegulate
1987-03-27TO ADOPT S 790, THE COMPETITIVE EQUALITY BANKING ACT OF 1987, A BILL TO CONTROL "NON-BANK" BANKS, IMPOSE A MORATORIUM ON SOME SECURITIES AND INSURANCE ACTIVITIES BY BANKS, INSTITUTE RECAPITALIZATION OF THE FEDERAL SAVINGS AND LOAN INSURANCE CORPORATION, AND PERMIT EMERGENCY INTERSTATE BANK ACQUISITIONS. THE BILL ALSO WOULD STREAMLINE CREDIT UNION OPERATING PROCEDURES AND REGULATE CONSUMER CHECKHOLDS.S. 790 · 100th CongressYeaRegulate
1987-03-27TO AMEND S 790, THE COMPETITIVE EQUALITY BANKING ACT OF 1987, TO STRIKE TITLES I AND II FROM THE BILL, THEREBY ELIMINATING THE BAN ON NEW "NON-BANK" BANKS AND LIMITING THE EXPANSION OF BANKS INTO SECURITIES, REAL ESTATE AND INSURANCE SALES.S. 790 · 100th CongressYeaDeregulate
1987-03-27TO TABLE THE DOLE, KS AMENDMENT TO S 790, THE COMPETITIVE EQUALITY BANKING ACT OF 1987, WHICH WOULD EXPRESS THE SENSE OF THE SENATE THAT IF THE PRESIDENTIAL VETO OF THE HIGHWAY BILL IS SUSTAINED, THEN THE APPROPRIATE SENATE COMMITTEES SHOULD COMPOSE A NEW REPORT WITHIN SEVEN DAYS FOLLOWING DISPOSITION OF THE VETO MESSAGE.S. 790 · 100th CongressNayDirection not readable
1987-03-27TO AMEND THE GARN, UT AMENDMENT TO S 790, THE COMPETITIVE EQUALITY BANKING ACT OF 1987, TO LIMIT THE AUTHORITY OF STATES TO ALLOW PURCHASE OF FAILED SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS BY OUT-OF-STATE "NON-BANK" BANKS.S. 790 · 100th CongressNayDeregulate
1984-09-13TO PASS S. 2851. (MOTION PASSED) SEE NOTE(S) 33S. 2851 · 98th CongressYeaDeregulate
1984-09-13TO AMEND S. 2851 TO MODIFY THE INSURANCE ACTIVITIES PROHIBITION PORTION OF THE BILL IN ORDER TO PERMIT STATES THE AUTHORITY TO ALLOW BANKS WITHIN THE STATE TO GET INVOLVED IN CERTAIN KINDS OF INSURANCE ACTIVITIES. (MOTION FAILED) SEE NOTE(S) 33S. 2851 · 98th CongressYeaDeregulate
1984-09-13(CONTINUED) TO CLOSE DEBATE ON S. 2851. (MOTION PASSED;3/5 REQUIRED) SEE NOTE(S) 30S. 2851 · 98th CongressYeaDeregulate
1984-09-13TO REQUEST THE ATTENDANCE OF ABSENT SENATORS DURING CONSIDERATION OF S. 2851. (MOTION PASSED) SEE NOTE(S) 33S. 2851 · 98th CongressYeaDirection not readable
1984-09-12TO AMEND S. 2851 TO STRIKE TITLE IV, COMPETITIVE SAVINGS INCENTIVES. (MOTION PASSED) SEE NOTE(S) 33S. 2851 · 98th CongressYeaDirection not readable
1984-09-11TO PROCEED TO CONSIDER S. 2851. (MOTION PASSED) SEE NOTE(S) 33S. 2851 · 98th CongressYeaDirection not readable
1984-09-10TO CLOSE DEBATE ON THE MOTION TO PROCEED TO CONSIDER S. 2851, A BILL AUTHORIZING AND DEFINING THE SCOPE OF POWERS FOR DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS AND THEIR HOLDING COMPANIES AND REVISING CERTAIN FEDERAL BANK REGULATIONS. (MOTION PASSED;3/5 REQUIRED)S. 2851 · 98th CongressYeaDirection not readable
1984-05-22TO TABLE THE HELMS AMENDMENT TO H.R. 5174. H.R. 5174 PROVIDES FOR THE APPOINTMENT OF UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY JUDGES UNDER ARTICLE III OF THE CONSTITUTION, AMENDS TITLE 31 OF THE UNITED STATES CODE FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING CERTAIN CHANGES REGARDING GRAIN STORAGE FACILITIES AND CLARIFYING THE CIRCUMSTANCE UNDER WHICH COLLECTIVE-BARGAINING AGREEMENTS MAY BE REJECTED IN CASES UNDER CHAPTER 11. THE HELMS AMENDMENT AMENDS THE FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN ACT IN ORDER TO PROHIBIT LABOR ORGANIZATIONS, WHICH HAVE COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS REQUIRING EMPLOYEES TO PAY UNION DUES, FROM ENGAGING IN ANY OF THE FOLLOWING THREE ACTIVITIES: 1) SUPPORTING PAC'S, 2) PAYING THE COSTS OF COMMUNICATING THEIR POLITICAL VIEWS TO THE UNION MEMBERSHIP, OR 3) CONDUCTING GET-OUT-THE-VOTE DRIVES. THE AMENDMENT WOULD AFFECT LABOR ORGANIZATION ACTIVITIES IN STATE AND LOCAL ELECTIONS AS WELL AS IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS, AND IT PROPOSES TO SET ASIDE LAWS IN STATES WHICH PERMIT LABOR ORGANIZATION INVOLVEMENT IN CAMPAIGNS FOR STATE OFFICES. (MOTION PASSED)H.R. 5174 · 98th CongressYeaDirection not readable
1984-05-21TO AMEND H.R. 5174, A BILL PROVIDING FOR THE APPOINTMENT OF UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY JUDGES UNDER ARTICLE III OF THE CONSTITUTION, AMENDING TITLE II OF THE UNITED STATES CODE FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING CERTAIN CHANGES IN THE PERSONAL BANKRUPTCY LAW, FOR MAKING CERTAIN CHANGES REGARDING GRAIN STORAGE FACILITIES, AND FOR CLARIFYING THE CIRCUMSTANCES UNDER WHICH COLLECTIVE-BARGAINING AGREEMENTS MAY BE REJECTED IN CASES UNDER CHAPTER 11. THE EXON AMENDMENT CLARIFIES THE PROVISIONS REGARDING DISCHARGES IN BANKRUPTCY DEALING WITH (CONTINUED) CHILD SUPPORT. (MOTION PASSED)H.R. 5174 · 98th CongressYeaDirection not readable
1984-03-30TO CONCUR IN THE AMENDMENT OF THE HOUSE TO S. 2507, THEREBY CONTINUING THE TRANSITION PROVISIONS OF THE BANKRUPTCY ACT UNTIL MAY 1, 1984. (MOTION PASSED)S. 2507 · 98th CongressYeaDirection not readable
1984-02-28TO PASS S. 2335, A BILL PROVIDING FOR A TEMPORARY EXTENSION OF THE CREDIT CARD SURCHARGE PROHIBITION. (MOTION PASSED)S. 2335 · 98th CongressYeaRegulate
1982-10-01TO PASS H.R. 6156, A BILL RESOLVING JURISDICTIONAL QUESTIONS INVOLVING THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION AND THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISION OVER THE DEVELOPING MARKETS IN FUTURES AND OPTIONS ON FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS. (MOTION PASSED)H.R. 6156 · 97th CongressYeaRegulate
1982-10-01TO AMEND S. 2109, THE COMPANION BILL OF H.R. 5447, A BILL AUTHORIZING FUNDS FOR THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION. THE ROTH AMENDMENT PROVIDES FOR THE IMPOSITION OF USER FEES. (MOTION FAILED)H.R. 5447 · 97th CongressNayDeregulate
1982-09-28TO PASS H.R. 4613, A BILL PROVIDING TOOLS AND INCENTIVES TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IN ITS EFFORTS TO COLLECT DEBTS OWED THE UNITED STATES. (MOTION PASSED)H.R. 4613 · 97th CongressYeaDirection not readable
1982-09-24TO TABLE THE BOREN AMENDMENT TO S. 2879, THE SENATE COMPANION BILL OF H.R. 6267, A BILL ASSISTING THE THRIFT INDUSTRY BY PROVIDING NET WORTH ASSISTANCE TO SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS AND ADDITIONAL FLEXIBILITY TO THEIR FEDERAL REGULATORY AGENCIES. THE BOREN AMENDMENT MAKES FEDERAL SAVINGS AND LOANS INSTITUTIONS SUBJECT TO THE SAME BRANCH REGULATION APPLICABLE TO OTHER BANKS IN THE SAME STATE. (MOTION PASSED)H.R. 6267 · 97th CongressYeaDeregulate
1982-06-18TO AMEND H.R. 3112 TO CLARIFY THE PHRASES "ANYWHERE IN THE TERRITORY" AND "ALL GOVERNMENTAL UNITS WITHIN ITS TERRITORY" UNDER THE BAILOUT PROVISION OF THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965. THE AMENDMENT WOULD HAVE THE AFFECT OF MAKING IT EASIER FOR ALASKA TO BAILOUT. (MOTION FAILED) SEE NOTE(S) 33H.R. 3112 · 97th CongressNayDirection not readable
1982-06-18TO AMEND H.R. 3112 TO MAKE THE NEW BAILOUT STANDARD EFFECTIVE ON AUGUST 6, 1982; TO STRIKE THE PROVISION REGARDING NO FINAL JUDGMENT OF VOTING DISCRIMINATION HAVING BEEN HANDED DOWN BY ANY U.S. COURT FOR A PERIOD OF 10 YEARS; TO PROVIDE THAT NO FINAL JUDGMENT OF ANY U.S. COURT HAD BEEN ENTERED THAT DENIALS OR ABRIDGEMENTS OF RIGHT TO VOTE BECAUSE OF RACE, COLOR, OR MEMBERSHIP IN LANGUAGE MINORITY HAVE BEEN PERPETRATED BY STATE OR POLITICAL SUBDIVISION (OR WITHIN STATE OR POLITICAL SUBDIVISION WITH ITS KNOWLEDGE OR ACQUIESCENCE); THAT NO FEDERAL EXAMINERS FOR PURPOSE OF REGISTERING VOTERS COULD HAVE BEEN SENT INTO STATE OR POLITICAL SUBDIVISION FOR 10 YEARS; THAT NO SUBSTANTIAL VOTING LAW CHANGES TO PRECLEARANCE HAD BEEN IMPLEMENTED AGAINST THE LAW; THAT NO SUBSTANTIAL OBJECTIONS HAD BEEN INTERPOSED BY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL; THAT STATE OR POLITICAL SUBDIVISION HAD ONLY ENGAGED IN CONSTRUCTIVE EFFORTS; THAT SECOND-PARTY INTERVENTION IN SUCH ACTIONS SHALL BE GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE; AND THAT DECLARATORY JUDGMENT FOR BAILOUT COULD BE REOPENED FOR A PERIOD OF 5 YEARS (RATHER THAN 10 YEARS) UPON MOTION ONLY OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL IF HE ALLEGES CONDUCT HAS OCCURED WHICH, HAD IT OCCURED DURING 10 YEARS PRECEDING BAILOUT, THE DECLARATORY JUDGEMENT WOULD HAVE BEEN PRECLUDED. SEE NOTE(S) 33H.R. 3112 · 97th CongressNayDirection not readable
1982-06-17TO AMEND S. 1992 TO CHANGE THE BAILOUT PROVISION IN THE BILL SO AS TO PERMIT A STATE TO BAIL OUT EVEN IF SOME OF ITS COUNTIES HAVE NOT QUALIFIED FOR A BAILOUT UNDER THE LISTED CRITERIA. (MOTION FAILED) SEE NOTE(S) 33S. 1992 · 97th CongressNayDirection not readable
1982-06-17TO AMEND S. 1992, THUS EASING THE "BAILOUT" PROVISIONS. (MOTION FAILED) SEE NOTE(S) 33S. 1992 · 97th CongressNayDirection not readable
1982-06-17TO AMEND S. 1992 BY EASING PROVISIONS RELATING TO "BAILOUT" OF COVERED JURISDICTIONS. (MOTION FAILED) SEE NOTE(S) 33S. 1992 · 97th CongressNayDirection not readable
1981-05-13TO AGREE TO S.RES. 132, CONCERNING THE MONETARY POLICIES OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD. (MOTION FAILED)S.Res. 132 · 97th CongressNayDirection not readable
1981-03-12TO AMEND S. 414, PERMITTING MERCHANTS TO ALLOW UNLIMITED DISCOUNTS TO CASH PAYING CUSTOMERS BY PERMITTING SURCHARGES ON CREDIT CARD CUSTOMERS. (MOTION FAILED)S. 414 · 97th CongressYeaDeregulate
1979-11-01(CONTINUED) TO PASS H.R. 4986, DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS DEREGULATION.H.R. 4986 · 96th CongressYeaDeregulate
1979-11-01TO AMEND H.R. 4986, DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS DEREGULATION, BY REMOVING TITLE II OF THE BILL AUTHORIZING THE FEDERAL RESERVE TO REQUIRE RESERVES OF NONMEMBER DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS. (MOTION PASSED)H.R. 4986 · 96th CongressYeaDeregulate
1979-11-01TO AMEND H.R. 4986, DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS DEREGULATION, BY PERMITTING STATES TO DETERMINE WHETHER TO PERMIT NOW ACCOUNTS. (MOTION FAILED)H.R. 4986 · 96th CongressNayDirection not readable
1979-10-31TO TABLE MORGAN SUBSTITUTE TO H.R. 4986, DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS DEREGULATION. THE MORGAN AMENDMENT OMITS THE PHASE-OUT OF REGULATION AND NATIONWIDE NOW ACCOUNTS, THE PROVISION LOWERING MONEY MARKET CERTIFICATES FROM $10,000, TO $1,000, AND FEDERAL RESERVE AUTHORITY OVER NONMEMBER INSTITUTIONS. (MOTION PASSED)H.R. 4986 · 96th CongressYeaDeregulate
1979-10-29TO AMEND H.R. 4986, DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS DEREGULATIONS, BY AUTHORIZING ON A TEMPORARY BASIS CERTAIN BUSINESS AND AGRICULTURAL LOANS, NOTWITHSTANDING INTEREST LIMITATIONS IN STATE CONSTITUTIONS OR STATUTES. (MOTION PASSED)H.R. 4986 · 96th CongressYeaDeregulate

Sorted newest first. “Counted as” is which end of the Regulate / Deregulate axis the vote moved this member toward, using the direction recorded for this issue on that roll call. Open any row to see the full measure, the tally, and the reason that direction was assigned.